Kurt vonnegut :: essays research papers

Kurt Vonnegut Served as a sensitive cell in the organism of American Society during the 1960s. His work alerted the unexclusive about the absurdity of modern warfare and an increasingly mechanized and impersonal society in which humans were essentially worthless and degenerated. The satirical tone and sardonic humor allowed people to read his works and laugh at their own misfortune.      Vonnegut was born on November 11, 1922, in Indianapolis, where he was reared. His father was an architect, as his grandfather had been. though the familys fortune was eroded during the Depression-his father went without an architectural commission from 1929 to 1940-they were well-to-do. Kurt attended Shortridge High School, where he was the editor of the nations oldest daily high school paper, the Echo. (((high school quote)))     Vonnegut was expected to fashion a scientist, and when he went to Cornell in 1940, he chose, at the urging of his father, to majo r in chemistry. (((college quote))) "Chemistry was everything then," he said. "It was a magic word in the thirties. The Germans, of course, had chemistry, and they were release to take apart the universe and put it together again. At Cornell, he was the managing editor and columnist for its daily paper, the Sun. Among interned as a prisoner of war in Dresden, Germany. It was here that he experienced what would later become the basis for one of his best-selling novels, Slaughterhouse-Five. "(Dresden) was the first fancy city Id ever seen. Then a femme fatale went off-it was February 13, 1945-and we went down two stories under the pavement into a big meat locker. It was cool there, with (animal) cadavers hanging all around. When we came up the city was gone." This experience, or rather, disaster, was the Allied firebombing of Dresden in which over 130,000 people, mostly citizens, died for no apparent reason. Despite the horror of the incident, he maintains that t he experience did not change his way of thinking, but rather gave him another standpoint from which to observe the absurdity and cruelty of the human race. "The importance of Dresden in my life has been considerably exaggerated because my book about it became a best seller." (p. 94 CWV)      Vonnegut returned to the united States determined tp be a writer, and to deal with the experience of Dresden, though it was nearly 25 years before he was able to do so.

Meaning of life Essay -- essays research papers

The True Meaning of Life     What is the meaning of animateness? Well known Greek philosphers such(prenominal) as Socrates and Plato cerebrated that our purpose in this life was to gain knowledge in preparation for the next life. Other Philosophers such as Epicurus believed that pleasure is the main coating in life. After giving these ideas lots of thought, I have come to my own conclusion that the true meaning of life is far more mingled than either of these far too complex for any human to fully comprehend. In fact these two different philosophies are only part of the lofty picture. If it were that easy for men to figure bulge our lives wouldnt be so messed up now. The meaning of life revolves around numerous different things. I think these things hold self-understanding, development of mind and soul, and an afterlife.      According to Epicurus, pleasure was the meaning of life. His ideas of life were completely opposite of Plato. Ep icurus, in my opinion was a little bit niave and narrow disposed(p) in his view on the subject. He would say that the meaning of likfe was to experience pleasure until the end of your existence. He did not believe in an afterlife or that a person had a soul that lived forever. He just thought when you are gone thats it. I disagree with all of that because I have many religious beliefs from which I derive the meaning of life. One of these beliefs is that there is life after death, and that there is one supreme existence of the universe. This goes back to Aristotles first removal firm theory. I would however agree that life is a balancing act between pain and pleasure or good and evil. You cant have one without the other. For any thing in existence there is al shipway something of opposition.      Another ancient Greek philosopher was Socrates. Socrates said "the unexamined life is not worth living." I agree with this in a sense that if you cant bet bac k at your life and be proud of your accomplishments, then everything that you ever did was in vain. You have to be able to look at the mistakes you have made and be able to learn from that or you are doomed to repeat those mistakes. Maybe on a deeper level Socrates skill have been talking about analyizing the purpose of ones life. This in my opinion is just as important. I feel that in order for me to succeed in life I ha... ... of these different philosophers are not necessarily inaccurate, just incomplete. All peices to a puzzle that I have no way of fully evaluate out. Socrates spoke of a higher good to be achieved. Nobody has seemed to accomplish this yet in life. There are so many obstacles that we face as we try to achieve a higher good. Many of these are based in the fact that we are human beings, and because of that are flawed by the ways of our culture. Things such as self-doubt, worry, ignorance, and the values put into our heads since the day we were born all are road blocks on our way to a higher level. Also being human beings makes vulnerable to the ways of the world around us, so it is not easy to block these things out of our lives. In a summary I believe this life to be stage in which we are to develop our minds, bodies, and souls to their highest potential in preparation for the afterlife. A person living by this philosophy would in all probability become a genius or great thinker. But like Eupicures, Aristotle, Socrates, and Plato I could only form my own opinions of the subject. There isnt anyway for me to figure out whether I am right or wrong. Only God could ever really know the true meaning.

Personal Freedom and Nonconformity in Kobo Abes Novels :: Kobo Abe Literature Society Freedom Essays

Personal Freedom and Nonconformity in Kobo Abes NovelsNo man or woman is wooed by possible action al unrivalled. (WITD 32)In declaiming the ability to woo by theory, Kobo Abe betrays his desire to do exactly that. Trained as a physician, Abe has a mindset which leans toward the scientific method one of hypothesis, experiment, result, and conclusion. In this case, the original hypothesis posed that a man could woo by theory alone, the experiment was the attempt of a wooing guided by speculative principles, the result a failure, and the conclusion drawn is that such a wooing is not possible, disproving the original hypothesis. We see in this procedure not only Abes predilection for theory and introspection, but we also are provided a glimpse at the motivations of a man who would initially believe in a theory of wooing, a concept which to many might seem an obvious contradiction. His novels, indeed, is rife with the contradictions that have been Abes trademark, and it is in his attemp t to unify these various contradictions to prove a common theme of personal freedom and nonconformity that the novels gain the greater part of its power.In The Woman in the Dunes, Abe describes the nature of reality the individual reality, wherein it finally springs forth from the unconscious mind, and the social reality, where the individual reality, at least in terms of its manifestation, can be either suppressed or encouraged by the type of society in which the individual lives and works. It is a complex attempt to unify these two realities, and to reach a sort of accord whereby the individual self can find expression and participate in a meaningful manner in the social reality. In other words, he is attempting to bridge that chasm, the go that separates the constricting perception of everyday social reality from the larger and far less stable absolute reality, of which the day-to-day social reality is but one small part.Abe deals with these themes through the image of the sa nd. The sand is formless, and yet it becomes a barrier blocking the protagonists attempts at escape. It sucks moisture from his body, but also traps it, causes forest to rot, and, in the final pages of the story, becomes a massive water pump. Abe uses sand imagery as a means to convey both the absurdity of the social day-to-day reality as well as a means by which an almost Zen-like meditative state is induced in the protagonist, through which he whitethorn achieve a higher level of consciousness.

Airplane Safety Essay -- essays research papers

The main purpose of the article, Airspace Blunders, is to identify the leading causes for air space incursions, more commonly known as near-midair collisions, and to provide substitute(a) courses of action to prevent them.Prior to 9/11, the Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) reported 10 clearly defined categories of causes Unfamiliarity, Complex airspace, Overlying airspace, senior high workloads, Trusting technology too much, Confusion over landmarks, Problems getting clearances, Cutting it too Close, and finally, I didnt realizeOf the causes identified, one was pilots being unfamiliar with the airspace boundaries, not being able to pick out local landmarks based on a section chart, understanding urban settings, strict noise recess procedures and identifying different airspace classes. When you add in rapid-fire communications, high traffic flows and the complexity of a new patch of airspace, the challenges become much greater. The article suggests pilots being infract pre pared may mitigate these obstacles. This entails making sure the charts have proper scaling to signify key landmarks. These charts must then be studied. Prior to the flight, pilots were recommended to make local pilots and flight instructors to obtain a sound understanding on normal clearances and potential problems. When flying in complex airspace, the potential for flying into restrict airspace increases. Filing IFR for flight operations is an easier and safer option....

The Purpose of Dreaming While Asleep Essay -- Neurology Sleep

Dreams are a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping persons mind. In our dreams we can portray ourselves as anything, we can go anywhere and do anything. There are many types of dreaming methods such as, daydreams, recurring dreams, nightmares, larger-than-life dreams, prophetic dreams, and lucid dreams and so on.You spend six years of your life dreaming. There are five reasons why we dream so we can satiate our wishes, to file away memories, to develop and preserve neural pathways, to make sense of neural static, and to reflect cognitive development. We satisfy our wishes through dreaming. Dreams present a psychic protection valve that releases otherwise unacceptable feelings. If dreams are symbolic they could be understood any way you wish while on the other hand, others state dreams extend nothing.While you dream you file away your important memories and new-sprung(prenominal) skills. You also dispose useless information from your day. S leep deprivation has affected many spate and have resulted in impaired speech, memory lost, and problem solving skills. If you dont get decent night of sleep after you learn new materials, you wont incorporate it efficiently into your memories.We dream to develop and preserve neural pathways. A neural pathway attaches one part of the nervous remains with another and typically consisted of bundles of elongated myelin-insulated neurons. A number of researchers hypothesized that dreams may also serve a physiological meaning. There was a possibility that the brain military action connected with rapid eye movements (REM) sleep presents the sleeping brain with interrupted motivation.We dream to make sense of neural static. Other assumptions suggest that dreams go rack up from neural ... ... to be with his significant other, Sofia.Dreaming is a complicated instrument used by the best of our civilization to make themselves and this world a offend place. To dream is a powerful me thod. Visions and thoughts come from your dreams. Novelists, writers and poets make their dreams into stories. Artists and musicians discover dreams for their motivations. Dreams assist us to discover answers to our everyday dilemmas and view things from a different viewpoint.ReferencesMyers, D. G. (2004). Exploring psychology Dreams, new-fangled York Worth Publishers. Lucid dreaming. (1994). In lucidity Institute. Retrieved November 10, 2010, from Lucidity Institute http//www.lucidity.com/LucidDreamingFAQ2.htmlLDDreaming. (1994). In Dream Information. Retrieved November 12, 2010, from Lucidity Dream Moods INC. http//www.dreammoods.com/dreaminformation/

The Purpose of Dreaming While Asleep Essay -- Neurology Sleep

Dreams are a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping persons mind. In our inhalations we can portray ourselves as anything, we can go anywhere and do anything. There are many types of dreaming methods such as, daydreams, recurring dreams, nightmares, epic dreams, second-sighted dreams, and lucid dreams and so on.You spend six years of your life dreaming. There are five reasons why we dream so we can satisfy our wishes, to shoot away memories, to develop and preserve uneasy pathways, to make sense of neural static, and to reflect cognitive development. We satisfy our wishes through dreaming. Dreams present a psychic bulwark valve that releases otherwise unacceptable feelings. If dreams are symbolic they could be understood any way you wish while on the other hand, others state dreams hide nothing. plot of ground you dream you file away your important memories and new skills. You also dispose useless information from your day. Sleep deprivatio n has affected many people and start resulted in impaired speech, memory lost, and problem solving skills. If you dont get decent night of sleep after you learn new materials, you wint incorporate it efficiently into your memories.We dream to develop and preserve neural pathways. A neural pathway attaches one part of the nervous system with another(prenominal) and typically consisted of bundles of elongated myelin-insulated neurons. A number of researchers hypothesized that dreams may also serve a physiological meaning. There was a possibility that the brain activity committed with rapid eye movements (REM) sleep presents the sleeping brain with interrupted motivation.We dream to make sense of neural static. Other assumptions suggest that dreams go off from neural ... ... to be with his significant other, Sofia.Dreaming is a complicated instrument used by the best of our civilization to make themselves and this world a better place. To dream is a powerful method. Visions and thoughts come from your dreams. Novelists, writers and poets make their dreams into stories. Artists and musicians discover dreams for their motivations. Dreams assist us to discover answers to our everyday dilemmas and view things from a different viewpoint.ReferencesMyers, D. G. (2004). Exploring psychology Dreams, New York cost Publishers. Lucid dreaming. (1994). In lucidity Institute. Retrieved November 10, 2010, from Lucidity Institute http//www.lucidity.com/LucidDreamingFAQ2.htmlLDDreaming. (1994). In Dream Information. Retrieved November 12, 2010, from Lucidity Dream Moods INC. http//www.dreammoods.com/dreaminformation/

Organisational Study at Bhel

Organisational Study At Bhel Organization Study EDN INTERNSHIP REPORT ON ORGANISATIONAL STUDY AT BHARATH HEAVY ELECTRICALS especial(a)& MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT & CONTROLING Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of The M. B. A Course of Bangalore University Submitted By Veeresh (REGD. NO. 05XQCM6106) Under the Guidance and supervision Of Prof. Sumithra Sreenath M. P. Birla engraft of Management Associate Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan Bangalore-560001 2006-07M P Birla plant of Mgmt 1 Organization Study EDN DECLARATION I here by declare that the Internship shroud on Organization study & Microscopic Study on Quality Management & Controlling at BHARATH HEAVY ELECTRICAL LIMITED, Bangalore is a record of independent go away carried out by me, towards partial fulfillment of the requirements for MBA course of Bangalore University at M . P. Birla Institute of Management. This has not been submitted in part or full towards any different degree or Diploma.Date Place Bangalore Veeresh 05XQCM6106 M P Birla Institute of Mgmt 2 Organization Study EDN PRINCIPALS CERTIFICATE This is to certify that this report entitled An Internship Report on Organization study & Microscopic Study on Quality Management & Controlling at BHARATH HEAVY ELECTRICAL LIMITED, Bangalore has been hustling by Veeresh bearing register number 05QXCM6106 under the guidance and supervision of Professor Sumithra Sreenath of MP Birla Institute of Management, BangalorePlace Bangalore Date Dr. N. S. Malavalli (Principal) M P Birla Institute of Mgmt 3 Organization Study EDN GUIDE CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the report entitled An Internship Report on Organization study & Microscopic Study on Quality Management & Controlling at BHARATH HEAVY ELECTRICAL LIMITED, Bangalore done by Veeresh bearing registration No. 05 XQCM6106 is a bonafide work done carried under my guidance during the academic year 2006-2007 in partial fulfillment of

The diversity of religions is another argument

Personally, I find the Halls arguments convincing, maybe because they are consistent with my previous experience. My opinion is that science is a to a greater extent undeviating way of exploring the ground. Its advantage is that there is only one science with the scientific method universally recognized in all or most split of the globe, whereas the marginalization of dissimilar parts of society often occurs because there are different religions and hoi polloi follow different views.The diversity of religions is another argument why science as a universal world outlook should take precedence before it.The scientific method seems to be a far more reliable method of exploring the world. It is based on observations, not some obscure revelations of prophets and messengers from God, and the scientist is expected to be thorough and honest in documenting the outcomes of the experiment. Of course, there is also way of life for the construction of hypotheses that come arbitrarily out of somebodys mind, but these have to be substantiated with factual evidence in order to become legitimate knowledge.Presupposition of the existence of some kind of transnatural forces will inevitably mar the investigation of scientific facts because it leaves likewise much space to issues that arbitrarily affect the results of the investigation. Some people can object to the scientific method because they think it will leave the world very dry and boring.People have to understand that this mystical view of the world can leave it unexplored because consideration of issuers irrelevant to the process will have to become part of it.2. The essay by Edwin A. Locke does include ideas that merit attention. However, it sounds too supremacist with regard to other nations.The problem with identifying the achievement of the West with its more sound ideology lies in the fact that it many factors contributed to the prominence of the West. Some would say that it scarcely managed to rise ahead of other states, suppressing them with colonialist policies. That other nations did not embrace technology often means that they had poor access to it.Robert Wright in his essay takes a different viewpoint. He critically assesses the notion of manifest destiny for America that supports the idea of its greatness. Besides, he advocates that ethnocentrism is actually wrong for America because it conflicts with multiculturalism that permits peaceful coexistence of all people in the same land. International relations can also profit if American stop asserting their superiority and turn a more open plaza toward other nations.3. Lukacs believed that the prevail ideology of the 20th deoxycytidine monophosphate was nationalism. Alliance between people on the basis of nations proved to be more powerful than simile that was based on class as the one assumed Marxists.Lukacs argues that people were swept by nationalist feelings that outstripped other ideological quirks such as Communism. The bleak War was, in the opinion of Lukacs, protracted because of the persisting anti-Communism embraced by many in the West. In Lukacs view, this is a spontaneous, often irrational feeling that surfaces only in spite of appearance the bourgeoisie, but also among workers themselves.The main reason for its existence is the desire of respectability. His criticisms can also be applied to anti-terrorism rampant today, a feeling that also leads to oversimplification and overstatement of the challenge for example, manifested in the proneness to blame the whole Muslim world for the acts.The author identifies problems with the dissolution of the empires with the rise of nationalist feelings in these areas, spurred on by masses and desire of local officials to become leaders of new states.Nationalistic feelings also fuel wars for independence that occurred in the colonial world in the 20th century where the people sought to throw off the yoke of foreign powers, not necessarily for the benefit of their own nation. The state in Lucacs perception is the political entity that is formally constructed for instance, the Soviet state was dominated by one party. The nation, on the other hand, is more easily identifiable with people.4. Fundamentalism is going to be one of the key issues that dominate American politics and the national policy-making worldwide. It represents the trend to address religious texts for guidance on all historic events, a road map to success and an accurate prediction of future events if humans interpret it correctly.This tradition leads people to interpret modern history in apocalyptic terms, viewing the world as a battlefield between the Christ and the Anti-Christ. This can lead to the inclination to discard all technological innovations because the Satan is expected to make use of them in order to take control of the earth. Moreover, people will expect the second coming of the Christ.

Business Law Ch 1-8

apparent motion 1 2. 5 come to the fore of 2. 5 points TECO Coal Corporation mines and ships more(prenominal) than six million tons of coal annually. TECO is comprehensively regulated by the U. S. Bureau of Mines. The U. S. Bureau of Mines may conduct a surprise inspection of single of TECOs mines event Selected repartee d. with surface(a) a search warrant to ensure safety. even up resoluteness d. with reveal a search warrant to ensure safety. read/write head 2 2. 5 push through of 2. 5 points The primary source of federal power to regulate parentage is the outcome Selected Answer d. Commerce Clause. sink Answer d. Commerce Clause. Question 3 2. out of 2. 5 points The power of federal agencies is limited by Answer Selected Answer d. only of the above. Correct Answer d. All of the above. Question 4 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points Zeno, Inc. is considering relocating its manufacturing facility from Illinois to Mexico City. The stakeholders in this decision might include Answer S elected Answer d. All of the above. Correct Answer d. All of the above. Question 5 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points The observation that The one and only social responsibility of business is to increase its profits can be attri notwithstandinged to Answer Selected Answer d.Milton Friedman. Correct Answer d. Milton Friedman. Question 6 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points The Chief Executive Officer of Ticor, Inc. must decide about the temperament of toxic waste materials. Which of the following considerations should help the CEO reach an ethical business decision? Answer Selected Answer d. All of the above. Correct Answer d. All of the above. Question 7 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points The Constitution ensures that the states retain all power not given to the national government. Answer Selected Answer avowedly Correct Answer True Question 8 2. 5 out of 2. 5 pointsA rule that establishes maximum length of work shifts for air traffic controllers is an theoretical account of an administrative regulation. Answer Selected Answer True Correct Answer True Question 9 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points Society is hurt when business managers behave ethically. Answer Selected Answer False Correct Answer False Question 10 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points There is strong record that ethical behavior throws off financially for businesses. Answer Selected Answer False Correct Answer False Question 11 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points Which of the following is not an example of a trial flirt of limited jurisdiction? AnswerSelected Answer c. A general civil division royal court. Correct Answer c. A general civil division court. Question 12 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points Federal jurisdiction based upon a federal motility includes cases based on Answer Selected Answer d. All of the above. Correct Answer d. All of the above. Question 13 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points When an appellate court hears a case, it may Answer Selected Answer d. All the above are overcompensate. Correct Answer d. All the above are remunerate. Question 14 0 out of 2. 5 points In order for a federal court to have jurisdiction, there must be a federal question gnarly and at least $75,000 in dispute.Answer Selected Answer True Correct Answer False Question 15 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points Generally, mandatory arbitrement provisions in a contract are valid. Answer Selected Answer True Correct Answer True Question 16 0 out of 2. 5 points The President has the power to remove the chairperson of the Consumer Product Safety Commission, an independent federal administrative agency, if the President disagrees with the chairpersons actions. Answer Selected Answer True Correct Answer False Question 17 0 out of 2. 5 points Because of the concept of stare decisis, the U. S.Supreme Court, in interpreting a statute in 2009, result necessarily interpret certain statutory run-in in the same way as the U. S. Supreme Court interpreted the same statutory language in 1971. Answer Selected Answer True Correct Answer False Question 18 0 out of 2. 5 points If the title of a n appellate court case appears as Jones v. Smith Answer Selected Answer d. Smith won the trial court decision. Correct Answer a. you cannot determine which party is the plaintiff, because when a suspect loses a trial and files an appeal, some courts (but not all) reverse the names of the parties.Question 19 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points Henry David Thoreau felt that war was unjust and hence refused to pay his taxes when the United States declared war on Mexico. If Henry David Thoreaus neighbor agreed that war was unjust but stipendiary his taxes because the law required him to pay the tax, the neighbor would be applying the jurisprudence theory of Answer Selected Answer b. Legal Positivism. Correct Answer b. Legal Positivism. Question 20 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points The federal judicial branch of the U. S. government Answer Selected Answer a. interprets statutes. Correct Answer a. nterprets statutes. Question 1 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points Tariffs are mainly higher in developing countries than i n developed countries. Answer Selected Answer True Correct Answer True Question 2 0 out of 2. 5 points Ad valorem duty is based on the fair market value of the imported good as of the date it reaches the United States, not the toll actually paid for the good when sold for export to the United States. Answer Selected Answer True Correct Answer False Question 3 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points Which of the following statements about torts is correct? Answer Selected Answer c.A tortious act may also be a criminal act. Correct Answer c. A tortious act may also be a criminal act. Question 4 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points presently after Brian started to work at Trevit, Inc. , a co-worker, Ann, began asking him out. Brian said no. Nevertheless, Ann persisted. One day Ann playfully, but intentionally touched Brian below the belt. Which statement is correct? Answer Selected Answer d. Ann act the tort of battery. Correct Answer d. Ann committed the tort of battery. Question 5 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points Don was stand in a cafeteria line holding a plate.Tim was upset with Don. Tim turned Don around and grabbed the plate out of Dons hand. Tim then held the plate up and exist to break it over Dons head. Tim has committed Answer Selected Answer c. both an assault and a battery. Correct Answer c. both an assault and a battery. Question 6 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points Silas asks his friend Shelby to come to his property to go fishing at his pond. If he fails to warn her that the dock has a rotten breaker point and she falls through and is injured, Silas would be held liable in most states. Answer Selected Answer True Correct Answer True Question 7 . 5 out of 2. 5 points A sports fan, injured by a hockey puck that flew into the stands during an NHL game, would be subject to the defense of assumption of the risk in a suit to recover for her injuries. Answer Selected Answer True Correct Answer True Question 8 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points Which of the following statements is correct? Answer Selected An swer d. white-collar crime results in a greater monetary loss to society than violent street crime. Correct Answer d. White-collar crime results in a greater monetary loss to society than violent street crime. Question 9 0 out of 2. 5 pointsEric was aerated with attempted murder. His defense was that he was insane at the time of the act. A jury accepted Erics defense. Eric will Answer Selected Answer b. have to be committed to a mental hospital until he regains his sanity, at which time he will be retried. Correct Answer a. probably be committed to a mental hospital and when that hospital determines he is no longer a danger to society, he will be released. Question 10 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points The Theft of Honest Services statute Answer Selected Answer b. prohibits both frequent and private employees from taking bribes or kickbacks.Correct Answer b. prohibits both public and private employees from taking bribes or kickbacks. Question 11 0 out of 2. 5 points Kelley went ice skating on a neighbors pond, but she fell through a thin area into icy waters. Kelley did not have permission to be on the property, and the neighbor did not even populate that she was there. Is the neighbor liable for Kelleys injuries? Answer Selected Answer c. No. Kelley was a trespasser and the neighbor could only be held liable for intentionally injuring her or for swinish misconduct. Correct Answer a. It may depend on Kelleys age.Question 12 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points A customer in a eating house would be considered ________ to whom the restaurant owner owes a duty ________. Answer Selected Answer b. an invitee of indicateable care. Correct Answer b. an invitee of reasonable care. Question 13 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points Negligence concerns harm that Answer Selected Answer b. arises by accident. Correct Answer b. arises by accident. Question 14 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points A tort is a violation of a duty imposed by the civil law. Answer Selected Answer True Correct Answer True Question 15 2. 5 ou t of 2. 5 pointsA salesclerk at Braybons Department Store observed a customer remove a ring from a display case and put it in her purse. In most states, Braybons will be able to detain the customer for suspicion of shoplifting. Answer Selected Answer True Correct Answer True Question 16 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points There is only one valid reason to punish criminals deterrence. Answer Selected Answer False Correct Answer False Question 17 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points Criminal defendants have the overcompensate to a lawyer at all the important stages of the criminal process. Answer Selected Answer True Correct Answer TrueQuestion 18 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points In Marubeni America Corp. v. United States, the federal appellate court ruled that the Nissan Pathfinder was, for tariff motley purposes a motor vehicle for the transport of passengers. The classification of goods is significant because Answer Selected Answer c. the tariffs will vary depending on the classification. Correct Answer c. the t ariffs will vary depending on the classification. Question 19 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points The United States has agreed to which of the following? Answer Selected Answer d. All of the above. Correct Answer d. All of the above.Question 20 2. 5 out of 2. 5 points Hardhat cable car Company sold goods to Irish Eyes Company of Northern Ireland. Big Bank issued a letter of faith on behalf of Irish Eyes and the letter was given to Hardhat. The documents required by the letter of credit are presented to the bank for payment while the goods are still in transit. Is Hardhat entitled to be paid? Answer Selected Answer a. Yes, the letter of credit is a promise by the bank to pay when certain documents are presented. Correct Answer a. Yes, the letter of credit is a promise by the bank to pay when certain documents are presented.

Product Life Cycle of Nokia Essay

INTRODUCTIONIn the present context, managing has become one of the most important areas of human activity because of increasing graphic symbol of large and complex organisations in the society. Because of their increasing role, the organisations strike attracted the attention of both practitioners and academicians to find out the solutions for business problems. Concept Defining the term focal point on the button is not so simple because the term caution is used in a variety of ways. Being a new discipline, it has drawn concepts and principles from a f all(a) of disciplines such as economics, sociology, psychology, anthropology, statistics and so on. Each group of contributors has treated management differently. For example, economists have treated management as a factor of production sociologists have treated it as a class or group of persons practitioners have treated it as a process comprising different activities.DEFINITION focus is the machination of getting things make through and with people in formally organized groups Koontz worry is the art of knowing what you want to do and then proposeing that it is done in the best and cheapest way F.W. Taylor Management is the art of securing maximum results with minimum effort so as to secure maximum prosperity and happiness for both employer and employee and give the public the best possible service John Mee. Management is the accomplishment of results through the efforts of other people Lawrence Management is simply the process of finish do and control over the action of human beings for the expressed purpose of attaining predetermined goals Stanley V. Management is a process involving cooking, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling human efforts to strike stated objectives in an makeup.From the above definitions, the following features are identified1) Organised Activities Management is a process of organized activities. Without organized activities, two groups of people give the axenot be involved in the performance of activities. Where a group of people are involved in contributeing towards a common objective, management comes into domain. 2) Existence of objectives The existence of objectives is a basic criterion of e very human organization because all organizations are deliberate and purposive creation and, therefore, they should haveIntroduction to Management some(a) objectives. Without objectives, it becomes difficult to define the direction where organized group of activities would lead to. 3) Relationship among resources Organised activities meant to achieve common goals are brought about to establish original relationships about the available resources. Resources include money, machine, material, men and methods. All these resources are made available to those who manage the organization. Managers apply knowledge, experience, principles for getting the desired results. Thus, the essence of management is desegregation of several(a) organisatio nal resources. 4) Working with and through people Management involves working with people and getting organisational objectives achieved through them. The idea of working through people is interpreted in terms of assigning and reassigning of activities to subordinates.5) Decision Making Management process involves decision making at various levels for getting things done through people. Decision making basically involves selecting the most appropriate alternative out of the several. If there is hardly one alternative, there is no question of decision making. Nature of Management The break down and application of management techniques in managing the affairs of the organization have changed its nature over a period of time. The following points will describe the nature of management 1) Multidisciplinary Management has been developed as a separate discipline, but it draws knowledge and concepts from various disciplines like psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, statistics , operations research etcetera,. Management integrates the idea and concepts taken from these disciplines and presents newer concepts which can be put into practice for managing the organisations 2) Dynamic nature of Principles Principle is a fundamental truth which establishes cause and effect relationships of a function.Based on integration and supported by practical evidences, management has framed certain principles. However, these principles are flexible in nature and change with the changes in the environment in which an organization exists. 3) Relative, Not absolute Principles Management principles are relative, not absolute, and they should be applied according to the need of the organization. Each organization may be different from others. The oddment may exist because of time, place, socio-cultural factors, etc.,.4) Management Science or Art There is a controversy whether management is science or art. An art is personal scientific discipline of business affairs. Art is characterized by practical knowledge, personal creativity and skill. The more one practices an art, the more professional one becomes. Management can be considered as an art because it satisfies all these criterion of an art. A science is a systematized body of knowledge of facts. It can establish cause-and-effect relationships among various factors. It involves basic principles, which are capable of habitual application. Management can be considered as science because it satisfies all these criterion of a science.Introduction to Management5) Management as profession Management has been regarded as a profession by many while many have suggested that it has not achieved the status of a profession. Profession refers to a vocation or a branch of advanced learning such as engineering or medicine. 6) Universality of management Management is a universal phenomenon. However, management principles are not universally applicable but are to be modified according to the needs of the situation . Importance of Management Management has been important to the daily lives of people and to the organisations. The impressiveness of management may be traces with the following. 1) Effective utilisation of Resources Management tries to make effective utilisation of various resources. The resources are scarce in nature and to stand the demand of the society, their contribution should be more for the general interests of the society. Management not only decides in which particular alternative a particular resource should be used, but also takes actions to utilize it in that particular alternative in the best way.2) Development of Resources Management develops various resources. This is true with human as substantially as non-human factors. Most of the researchers for resource development are carried on in an organized way and management is involved in these organized activities. 3) It ensures continuity in the organization Continuity is very important in the organisations. Where t here are no proper guidelines for decision making continuity can not be guaranteed. It is quite natural that new people join while some others retire or leave the organization. It is only management that keeps the organization continuing. 4) Integrating various interest groups In the organized efforts, there are various interest groups and they put pressure over other groups for maximum share in the have output.For example, in case of a business organization, there are various pressure groups such as shareholders, employees, govt. etc. these interest groups have pressure on an organization. Management has to balance these pressures from various interest groups. 5) Stability in the society Management provides stability in the society by changing and modifying the resources in unanimity with the changing environment of the society. In the modern age, more emphasis is on new inventions for the betterment of human beings. These inventions make old systems and factors mostly obsolete a nd inefficient. Management provides integration between traditions and new inventions, and safeguards society from the unfavorable impact of these inventions so that continuity in social process is maintained. Functions of ManagementTo achieve the organisational objectives managers at all levels of organization should perform different functions. A function is a group of similar activities.Introduction to ManagementThe list of management functions varies from author to author with the itemize of functions varying from three to eight. Writers Henry Fayol Luther Gullick R. Davis Management Functions Planning, Organizing, Commanding, Coordinating, Controlling POSDCORD- Planning, Organising, Staffing, Directing, Coordinating, Reporting, Directing Planning , Organising, Controlling Planning, Organising, Motivating, Coordinating, Controlling Planning, Organising, Staffing, Leading, Controlling Koontz Different authors presented different variations. By combining some of functions, these are broadly grouped into Planning, Organising, Staffing, Directing, and Controlling. 1) Planning Planning is the conscious determination of future course of action. This involves why an action, what action, how to take action, and when to take action. Thus, provision includes determination of specific objectives, determining projects and programs, setting policies and strategies, setting rules and procedures and preparing budgets.2) Organising Organising is the process of dividing work into convenient tasks or duties, grouping of such duties in the form of positions, grouping of various positions into departments and sections, assigning duties to individualistic positions, and delegating authority to each positions so that the work is carried out as planned. It is viewed as a bridge connecting the conceptual idea developed in creating and planning to the specific means for accomplishment these ideas. 3) Staffing Staffing involves manning the various positions created by the organ izing process. It includes preparing inventory of personal available and identifying the sources of people, selecting people, training and developing them, fixing financial compensation, appraising them periodically etc.4) Directing when people are available in the organization, they must know what they are expected to do in the organization. Superior managers fulfill this requirement by communicating to subordinates about their expected behavior. Once subordinates are oriented, the superiors have continuous responsibility of guiding and leading them for better work performance and motivating them to work with zeal and enthusiasm. Thus, directing includes communicating, motivating and leading. 5) Controlling Controlling involves acknowledgment of actual results, comparison of actual results with expected results as set by planning process, identification of deviations between the two, if any, and taking of corrective action so that actual results match with expected results.Introdu ction to ManagementTAYLOR & SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT The concept of scientific management was introduced by Frederick Winslow Taylor in USA in the beginning of 20th century. Scientific management is concerned with knowing exactly what you want to do and then see in that they do it in the best and cheapest way Since Taylor has put the emphasis on solving managerial problems in a scientific way, often, he is called as father of scientific management and his contributions as the principles of scientific management. Taylor carried experiments about how to increase the efficiency of people. On the basis of experiments, he published many papers and books and all his contributions were compiled in his book scientific management. His contributions are divided into two parts.Elements and tools of scientific management Principles of scientific management FEATURES / ELEMENTS AND TOOLS OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT 1) Separation of planning & doing Taylor emphasized the separation of planning aspect fr om actual doing of the work. In other words planning should be left to the supervisor and the worker should concentrate only operational work. 2) Functional foremanship Taylor introduced the concept of functional foremanship based on specialization of functions. In this system, eight persons are involved to direct the activities of workers. Out of these four persons are concerned with planning viz., route clerk, instruction card clerk, time and cost clerk and disciplinarian. The remaining four persons are concerned with doing aspect of the job, viz., speed boss, inspector, caboodle boss and maintenance foreman. It is against to the principle of unity of command.